Vanoc/AFN Olympic Promotional Event Disrupted in Toronto
[Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympics = VANOC / Assembly of First Nations = AFN]
[Posted March 14, 2009, to no2010.com]
On March 8, 2009, a promotional event for the 2010 Winter Olympics and Aboriginal torch bearers was disrupted in Toronto [Ontario] by 2010 Solidarity. Here is a video link to the action:
Read more at: http://no2010.com/node/864
Protesters facing court injunction
Developer fed up with land dispute
February 25, 2009
Rachel De Lazzer
The Hamilton Spectator
HAGERSVILLE (Feb 25, 2009) [Six Nations territory, Ontario]
Pressure was mounting yesterday for natives to leave a housing development site where construction has been delayed for four months.
Developer Voortman & Associates Ltd. is seeking a court injunction to keep natives away from the site and plans to be on site at least four days this week.
The natives have blocked workers from developing the 46-unit condominium site on Main Street North several times.
Company officer John Voortman says he’s at “wit’s end” trying to move things forward on the 2.4-hectare site.
Workers returned to the site Monday for the third time since seeking the injunction last fall, only to be prevented by about 10 members of the men’s fire circle, parking their cars in front of one of the excavators.
Natives arrived at 6:30 a.m. yesterday before the workers, who planned to return today and tomorrow.
“Every day (the contractor) is there and not able to work, I’m sure it’s going to cost a few thousand dollars easy,” Voortman said.
OPP officers told him yesterday that they would read a declaration to the natives every day and ask them to leave.
“They’re going to say that we own the land, we have total rights to the land and we’re able to work on the land and they have no rights to be there,” Voortman added. “They will give them 15 minutes to vacate the site and then after that they could be charged with mischief.”
Voortman says he is still waiting for a court date for the injunction. He says the natives are stalling and previous court dates for the injunction have been postponed twice.
Both sides were in court Feb. 13 when three members of the men’s fire circle asked that the hearing be delayed a few weeks until they could bring someone from their circle with the appropriate authority.
Workers attempted to resume construction in October and again in December.
A member of the men’s fire circle who goes by the name Whoodat, said they would stay on the land until the workers left.
OPP Detective Matt Watson said criminal charges would be laid if any actions meet the criteria.
Raid in Six Nations
By Janie Jamieson
February 5, 2009
For some time now women and men at Six Nations have been slowly re-asserting their sovereignty . This includes exerting the right to provide for their families within their own well defined homeland. (Turtle Island). This includes exerting their right to provide for their families on their OWN LAND and IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR TRADITIONAL LAWS AND GOVERNANCE.
However today the method in which these people provide for their families came under fire. These people operate “smoke shops” on what is traditionally known as Hamilton-Port Dover Plank Road. Today it’s known as Highway 6 south and Upper James Street South and Argyle Street among other things. This parcel was NEVER sold or surrendered by the Mohawks. (The recognition of that parcel being the property of the Mohawks is documented in the Haldimand Deed of 1784). However, Canada laid claim to this parcel despite never providing a “legal” bill of sale. (Don’t you normally keep your receipt of “big box” purchases??? Especially something as important of a piece of land???)
Anyways… Marie Trainor and the rest of Canada has laid claim to this parcel and claims “jurisdiction”. Today for some reason the Six Nations Police (Rocky Smith and Terry Martin were saying they were acting under the direction of Elected Chief Bill Montour and Director of Public Works Dayle Bomberry and also had signed agreements from the above mentioned) moved in and removed all product from one of the smoke shops. They attempted to remove the building itself but they were stopped by our men and women.
The Six Nations Police also claimed the “chiefs” directed them to dismantle the smoke shop, however this has not been verified.
Marked and undercover police were throughout Caledonia and at one point an OPP cruiser was turned back from entering onto Six Nations. This “dry run” was reminiscent of the “dry runs” done at other raids. The police would feign being lost and end up on the reserve. What actually was happening was the OPP were testing to see what our response would be. This helps the police figure out how many and what type of officers will be required and what type of weaponry and media they will need to execute an attack on us.
Some well informed community members and even the Six Nations Police themselves have already stated if the SNP can’t “get the job done” outside authorities will do it.
Six Nations Police had the audacity to call our men “squatters” for building on “band owned land” or “community land” and told one of the men he needed to vacate.This man was also told some of “our people didn’t want him on that land”.
Some of the officers said they took an oath to protect.
Any employee of the crown doesn’t understand birth gives Ogwehowe the responsibility to protect life in all forms. Any crown employee doesn’t understand birth gives Ogwehowe the responsibility to uphold and teach their own law. Birth also gives Ogwehowe the right to provide for their families on their territory in accordance with their own law. Ogwehowe are accountable to their mothers, grandmothers, aunties and sisters. Ogwehowe are accountable to their clanmothers, chiefs, clans and nations.
Crown employees are not allowed to understand our way of life nor are they ever allowed to accept it. Crown employees take an oath to uphold a way of life that is created to destroy Ogwehowe. The Crown has always existed to undermine and tear apart the Ogwehowe. It was proven again today at Six Nations.
It’s obvious the SNP and Six Nations Band Council have a lot of lost men and women on their “force”. Hell even Merle Haggard got it… wasn’t it him who put it so simply and straight forward…”They love their milk and honey but they preach about some other way of living… When your running down my country hoss you’re walking on the fighting side of me…”
Anyways, things are slow at the negotiating table. Despite the recession booming and the housing market coming to a crashing halt, illegal development continues.
Despite the recession booming, some Ogwehowe women and men are still able to provide for their families without Canada or Band Council’s assistance. So it seems like an attempt to spice things up was made today.
Despite the corporation of Canada being the largest employer on Six Nations, some just won’t buy into that and will continue to feed, clothe and shelter their families under traditional law. It just doesn’t matter how big the “gun” or pay check is on the other side…
Protesters stop work on housing project
Posted By SUSAN GAMBLE, BRANTFORD EXPOSITOR STAFF [Ontario]
Friday, January 23, 2009
Workers will be off the job today at the Empire Homes housing development on Conklin Road after native protesters halted the project.
A representative of Empire Homes said the company voluntarily shut down work at the site Thursday and will remain off work today.
Mary Morrello, of Empire Communities, downplayed Thursday’s protest, saying the company is holding talks with native representatives.
“We are totally onside with the aboriginals and understand their plight 100 per cent but we also have a clean title to the lands, so there’s a bigger issue here than us,” she said.
“We wish we could help them but the issue is so big, it’s beyond us.”
Morrello said that, despite some of the catcalls from construction workers Thursday morning, the protest was peaceful.
“The workers were upset because this is their livelihood but the construction superintendent has spoken to the tradespeople. We just want peace.”
Construction workers yelled at about 15 to 20 protesters as a dozen police officers tried to form a line between the two groups.
About 50 to 60 Empire workers left the site, said protester Gene Johns.
“They’re not supposed to be digging here,” said Johns. “This is the third time we’ve been here and they won’t listen.”
Johns said he represents the Six Nations Confederacy and the community.
Beauval mayor criticizes RCMP handling of teen’s escape
Calls Mounties’ reaction ‘on the edge of incompetence’
Tuesday, January 13, 2009
CBC News [Saskatchewan]
The RCMP [Royal Canadian Mounted Police] should have notified people sooner about the escape of teenager in custody who was later found frozen to death, the mayor of a northern Saskatchewan town says.
“I would call it on the edge of incompetence,” Beauval Mayor Alex Maurice said.
The 19-year-old from the Canoe Lake First Nation in the province’s northwest was arrested early Saturday morning after RCMP received a complaint of an intoxicated person.
According to police, the man was taken to the detachment in Beauval and when the arresting officer left the man alone for a minute in the back of the car, the man ran off.
Temperatures were well below freezing at the time.
The RCMP said they immediately searched for more than an hour. They then switched gears and started knocking on doors, but there was no sign of the man.
Members of the Canoe Lake First Nation formed a search party the next day and found the body of the man — an apparent victim of the cold — on a snowmobile trail seven kilometres from town.
The man’s name hasn’t been released.
An autopsy has been ordered. It’s not believed there was foul play, police said.
Maurice said RCMP should have notified locals sooner. The man’s family didn’t find out he had been missing for over 12 hours, he said.
If people had known, a search party could have been organized sooner, he said.
“I don’t think he was a dangerous offender or anything, and in the middle of winter, common sense should have prevailed on the part of the RCMP,” Maurice said.
Maurice accused the RCMP of ignoring local trackers who believed the man had walked out of town.
“Within an hour and a half, these Canoe Lake elders and the people who did the search party, within an hour and a half of starting the search party, they found him frozen to death,” he said.
An outside police force will be brought in to oversee the investigation.
Beauval is about 450 kilometres north of Saskatoon.
Gangs clash in Manitoba prison riot
Jan 12, 2009
THE CANADIAN PRESS
WINNIPEG – Long-simmering tensions between two criminal gangs were behind a riot at a federal medium-security prison in Manitoba, says the Winnipeg Free Press.
The melee Saturday night seriously injured four inmates and damaged a living unit that houses 100 prisoners at Stony Mountain Institute.
The Free Press reports that inmates – some wearing masks – set fires, stabbed their fellows and threw garbage cans at corrections officers, who battled back with pepper spray and displayed their shotguns.
It took almost six hours to bring the rioting inmates under control.
The Free Press quotes sources as saying the mood at Stony Mountain had been tense since New Year’s Eve when corrections officers seized 36 prison-made knives. The penitentiary was locked down for two days at that time.
The sources say the main prison rivalry is between the Manitoba Warriors and the Native Syndicate.
On Saturday, a penitentiary intelligence officer received word something was planned for the prison’s recreational hall, so extra officers were sent in as a precaution, a prison source told the Free Press.
But the planned confrontation was only partly averted. One group of inmates managed to seize control of a kiosk that regulates access to all the cells on one of the living units. That led to a battle with corrections officers who attempted to regain control of the situation.
“Staff had to withdraw. The unit was overrun by inmates,” the source said. “Staff had to use a huge amount of pepper spray. There were fires going and some of the inmates had their faces covered (with balaclavas). They were throwing garbage cans.”
Prison officials have declined to discuss many details of what happened.
But Stony Mountain spokesman Guy Langlois did say Sunday that after gaining control of the living unit, the inmates barricaded themselves inside and blocked off the main entry as well as the emergency exit.
The institution then called in its emergency response team, a unit specially trained to control riots and other disturbances, he said.
The prison, about 25 kilometres north of Winnipeg, is expected to remain in lockdown for at least a few days.
No staff members were hurt. Langlois said the prisoners in hospital appeared to have been stabbed or beaten.
“They’re trying to call this an incident, but it’s a riot,” a penitentiary source said. “The place is trashed.”
5 Arrested in Cayuga Blocking Police Escort of Garbage onto Native Land
OPP (Ontario Provincial Police) determined to escort garbage into the Edwards Street Landfill, but even after arrest of 4 supporters, Six Nations activists refuse to remove blockade. OPP violently arrest Six Nations man leaving the site.
December 11, 2008
CAYUGA, ONTARIO, CANADA – For almost five years, community members from the small town of Cayuga have been fighting to close down and to clean up the Edward Street Landfill. Haldimand Against Landfill Transfers (HALT) was formed in 2004 to prevent one of Ontario’s worst contaminated sites, from becoming an active landfill again. After having spent four years in and out of courts, petitioning and dealing with government bureaucracy, HALT approached the Six Nations’ Haudenosaunee Men’s Council to work together on this issue. Cayuga is adjacent to the Six Nations reservation and is located on Haudenosaunee land. It was last November that representatives from Six Nations and HALT turned around dump trucks, resulting in the closure of the site for the winter. This past Monday, despite flagrant noncompliance with Ministry of Environment (MOE) regulations, the dump’s operating owners tried to bring garbage into the dump for the first time in twelve months.
Monday morning, thirty activists—with groups coming from London, Kitchener-Waterloo (KW), Guelph, and Hamilton—converged at the corner of Brooks Road and Highway 3 in Cayuga, to stand with representatives from HALT and Six Nations.
“The reason there are young people here from communities across the region is because we have a responsibility to prevent the provincial government, the courts, and their enforcement – the OPP, from enabling the destruction of communities’ land and trampling on their right to protect it,” said Alex Hundert from the KW activist group AW@L.
Once the blockade had ended, a vehicle leaving the site, carrying three people from Six Nations, was pulled over by a large string of police cruisers, and one man was violently arrested. At bail-court the next morning, the Crown prosecutor admitted that the accused man from Six Nations only “passively resisted,” but still, more than a dozen officers were involved in the assault. He was ripped from the car, thrown to the ground then kicked and tasered repeatedly. He was arrested for “failure to appear” charges stemming from an incident at the Douglas Creek Reclamation site in 2006—the original charges have already been dropped. All five arrested men were released on bail Tuesday morning.
Jody Orr, a HALT representative, said that she was “distressed by what happened on Monday. We have a situation where there is evidence that the receiver is still not in compliance,” however “we have the MOE giving the receiver a week to bring in garbage while he is still in violation of the COA, and it puts the OPP in a position where they have to enforce an injunction against protesters who are protesting the illegal dumping of garbage.” Orr said she was also “really concerned in terms of what i heard about the level of force that was used.”
According to HALT’s website, on October 16 of this year, “the same day that Minister of the Environment, John Gerretsen, posted the Zero Waste Policy paper on the Environmental Bill of Rights website, HALT and others involved in the Edwards Landfill issue in Cayuga received an email that waste would be coming to the Edwards Landfill site.” HALT has shown that the Landfill does not comply with the MOE’s Certificate of Approval (COA). Still, garbage is being allowed into the site. As a result, HALT, Six Nations and supporters decided to be ready with the blockade.
On Monday after the arrests, once it became obvious that representatives from Six Nations were not going to stop preventing the garbage truck from passing (all other vehicles were permitted to travel freely), the truck company owner ordered the truck to leave the site and return home. Earlier in the morning, the driver had expressed interest in leaving the scene, however OPP ordered him to stay. Police said that they were intent in seeing that the injunction against the blockade would be enforced. Even after arresting four supporters, the OPP were not able to remove the Six Nations activists blocking the road.
Over the past year and more, HALT has been involved in complicated legal proceedings with the site’s operators and the MOE. Since 2004, those efforts have cost over $100,000. For more information about those proceedings, ongoing developments, and the environmental impact at the site, visit HALT’s website, www.haltthedump.ca.
###
Contacts:
Cayuga – Jody Orr, HALT, info[at]halthtedump.ca, www.haltthedump.ca,
Kitchener-Waterloo – Alex Hundert, alex[at]peaceculture.org, www.peaceculture.org
STATEMENT FROM TYENDINAGA MOHAWK TERRITORY:
WARRANTS ISSUED: 30 MOHAWKS FACING ARREST
Tyendinaga Police ‘Respond’ to Community Concerns
It appears that Tyendinaga Police Chief Ron Maracle is making good on his promise of charging people involved in demonstrations at the intended site for a second police station, as well as a contested second quarry operation on the Territory (different location than the original and on-going reclamation of the Thurlow Aggregate quarry site).
It is believed that Tyendinaga Mohawk Police have issued warrants for 30 community members.
The people targeted for arrest are Longhouse people who maintain scrutiny over Band Council operations and spending. This amounts to an unprecedented attempt to criminalize and jail any effective opposition that exists in the community. This is an attack on our families, our children, our culture and the way we think. This has moved beyond a simple community dispute. The federal government is making a final push to eradicate those people who believe in the strength and power of the Mohawk Nation and who will stand in its defence.
Despite community concern over widespread exposure to water that has been declared unfit for human consumption throughout reserve homes and schools, the Government continues to prioritize the second station over these needs.
Concern over the second quarry operation stems from alarm at the tremendous speed with which this particular quarry has been established and grown in size. Community members are aware of the extremely rigorous environmental study and assessment practices that are required before quarries and aggregates can be established elsewhere in the province. Such laws do not apply on reserves and concern as to whether environmental and safety assessments have been properly conducted and meet recognized professional standards.
These fears have increased in recent weeks as households in the direct vicinity of quarry operations have experienced water problems and collapsed wells for the first time ever.
The quarry is operated by Build-All Contractors, a company owned by Police Chief Maracle’s brother. The site preparation and overseeing of the building construction at the site of the new police station was also awarded to Build-All, the Police Chief’s brother, in an untendered contract.
All of this is taking place because we oppose a decision made by the Band Council.
With army helicopters and fighter jets circulating the Territory today, the Federal Government of Canada is making it clear that it intends to exercise what it views as its interest in community affairs.
- Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory
Wednesday, November 5th, 2008
BACKGROUND INFORMATION:
New First Nations police station draws protest
By Brian St. Denis
http://www.thepioneer.com/?q=node/2983
Friday, October 31st, 2008
A protest against the installation of a new Tyendinaga police building ended early Wednesday night when activists delayed its delivery for a second time.
Native protesters braved the frigid weather for several days to protest the installation of the York Road station on the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory, west of Deseronto.
The building, which was assembled off-site, was trucked in Oct. 29 but was not successfully installed on the site.
“The trucking company had to leave because their permits were only good for the daylight hours, so it when it started getting dark they had to get out of there,” said Brant Bardy, a spokesperson for the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory band office.
The original delivery date was Sept. 23, making this the second delay in just over a month. Bardy said the protest has not deterred plans to bring the building in.
“The building is bought and paid for, and every delay is pushing up costs,” said Bardy. “That’s an injustice to the community coffers.”
The issue of the heart of the protest was clean drinking water. According to the protesters, approximately 80 per cent of the community’s wells are contaminated. The Quinte Mohawk School, just seconds down the road, has to provide bottled water for students because the tap water is unsafe.
“They need to address the issues,” said Dan Doreen, spokesperson for the protesters. “They have bags over the fountains at the school.”
He said that they don’t object to the new building, but to the community having to match the government funding of $980,000. They believe this money should go to solving the drinking water problem first.
“Kids are number one,” said another protester.
York Road was blocked off by the Mohawk Fire Department and several police officers for the duration of the protest. The protesters had a pick-up truck parked on the cement pad where the new building was to be placed.
The protesters also used a small tractor to dig on the property, claiming it was for a new youth centre, but Bardy said it was just a red herring.
Police announced early Wednesday morning that the protest had become a matter of public safety and blocked the public, including media, out of the area. Bardy said that a police investigation is underway, but Tyendinaga Police Chief Ron Maracle could not be reached for comment.
Algonquins Hospitalized After Police Attack
Barriere Lake Solidarity Collective, October 7, 2008
UPDATE: An Algonquin man is hospitalized the morning after Quebec police shot him in the chest with a tear-gas cannister. A disabled teenage girl was also treated with oxygen in the local Health Clinic. Twenty two children under eight and two babies were caught in the tear gas shot by the police.
To view photos:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/31135244@N07/sets/72157607795831835
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Tuesday, October, 7, 2008
Canada and Quebec use riot police, tear gas, and “pain compliance” on peaceful Algonquin families to avoid negotiations: ‘pain compliance’ perfect description of Conservative’s aboriginal policy, say community spokespeople
Kitiganik/Rapid Lake, Algonquin Territory / – Yesterday afternoon, the Conservative government and Quebec used riot police, tear gas, and “pain compliance” techniques to end a peaceful blockade erected by Algonquin families from Barriere Lake, rather than negotiate, as requested by the community. The blockade on Highway 117 in Northern Quebec began at 6:00am Monday, with nearly a hundred community members of all ages and their supporters promising to remain until Canada’s Conservative government and Quebec honoured signed agreements and Barriere Lake’s leadership customs. Around 4pm, nearly sixty Quebec officers and riot police encircled families after a meal and without warning launched tear gas canisters, one of which hit a child in the chest.
“Our demands are reasonable,” said Norman Matchewan, a spokesperson who was racially slurred by Minister Lawrence Cannon’s assistant earlier in the election. “We’re only asking for the government to uphold the agreements they’ve signed and to stop illegally interfering in our customary governance. The message we’ve received today is that Stephen Harper and Jean Charest are unwilling to even play by their rules.”
“We will not tolerate these brutal violations of our rights,” added Matchewan. “Forestry operations will not be allowed on our Trilateral agreement territory, and we will be doing more non-violent direct action.”
Nine people, including an elderly women, a pregnant woman, and two minors, were roughly arrested. While a line of police obscured the view of human rights observers from Christian Peacemaker Teams, officers used severe “pain compliance” techniques on protestors who had secured themselves to concrete-filled barrels, twisting arms, dislocating jaws, leaving them with bruised faces and trouble swallowing.
“In this election alone, the Conservatives have labelled us alcoholics and vilified our community’s majority as “dissidents,” said Michel Thusky, another community spokesperson, referring to an op-ed published by Minister Lawrence Cannon in regional newspapers. “Now they and Quebec have chosen violence over meeting their most basic obligations to our community. ‘Pain compliance’ is the perfect description of the Conservative government’s aboriginal policies.”
Barriere Lake community members had promised to maintain the blockade until the Government of Canada honoured the 1991 Trilateral agreement, a landmark sustainable development and resource co-management agreement praised by the United Nations and the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. To end federal interference in their leadership customs, they wanted the Government of Canada to appoint observers to witness a leadership reselection according to their codified customary selection code, respect its outcome, and then cease interfering in their internal governance.
- 30 -
Media Contacts:
Michel Thusky, Barriere Lake spokesperson: 819 – 435 – 2171
Norman Matchewan, Barriere Lake spokesperson : 514 – 831 – 6902
Marylynn Poucachiche, Barriere Lake spokesperson : 819 – 435 – 2171
Collectif de Solidarité Lac Barrière
*******************************************
www.solidaritelacbarriere.blogspot.com
Native protesters stop building
Installation of police facility delayed ‘until further notice’
Posted By STEPHEN PETRICK, THE BELLEVILLE INTELLIGENCER
Posted Wednesday, September 24, 2008
A group of Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory women set up this blockade at the site where a new police building was to arrive this week. Intelligencer photo by Stephen Petrick
The installation of a new police building here has been delayed “until further notice,” after a group of band members set up a blockade Tuesday to protest its arrival.
Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte officials were preparing to have a 4,635-square-foot building shipped from a Hamilton-area manufacturer this week and put together on a gravel pit on York Road, just west of Quinte Mohawk School.
But a group of about 50 people were at the site Tuesday afternoon, vowing to block officials from placing a prefab building they feel the community was not consulted about.
“Our people never sanctified it, ratified it or condoned it,” Bryan Isaacs told The Intelligencer from just outside the protest site. “There’s no one in favour in our group because we were never consulted.”
Inside the site, several women were sitting in lawn chairs. They said they were upset the band council made plans for a roughly $1.9-million facility when the money could have been spent to address the lack of safe water in the territory and poor housing conditions.
“You have kids in the school out there without water,” said Evelyn Turcotte, pointing to Quinte Mohawk School. “There are housing issues and mold issues.”
Another woman, who did not give her name, said, “I’ve been buying water for 30 years.”
The group, which identified themselves as the Kanyen’kehaka women of Tyendinaga, also issued a press release calling on Prince Edward-Hastings incumbent Daryl Kramp as well as Minister of Indian Affairs Chuck Strahl and Prime Minister Stephen Harper to listen to their needs.
“Canadians overwhelmingly support clean water efforts, funding for education and safe housing for Native people, and yet, while all of those concerns remain ignored, this multi-million dollar investment proves only to ‘fix’ an otherwise unwarranted problem.”
The comments came as the Mohawk band council gathered for a special meeting to discuss what to do with the facility.
The building has already been put together by NRB, a modular building company in Grimsby, Ont.
The band was expecting it to arrive Monday, but found out Tuesday the trip had been delayed as the company still needed to obtain some Ministry of Transportation permits to make the drive.
Armed with that knowledge, the band requested the company to hold onto the building until the conflict is resolved.
“The council made a decision that it would remain there in storage until further notice,” Maracle said, moments after the meeting.
He also scoffed at comments that band leaders are not making clean water a priority or holding enough consultation on the building.
Had the building arrived Monday, he said, a “community ratification process” would have taken place to determine whether the building meets the approval of band members. It would have sat on the site “unhooked” until at least Oct. 31, Maracle said.
That ratification process, he added, would have followed a series of public meetings on the issue earlier this year.
He also said he agrees with protesters that water quality on the territory needs to improve.
“That’s why I started a water study many years ago — to document the condition of the water so we could make a case to the government for some funding for water,” he said.
He added that Indian Affairs has committed money for a new water treatment plant and project workers are now deciding what technology needs to be used before construction can begin.
The new police building is intended to allow Tyendinaga Mohawk Police Services to expand from eight to 11 officers.
The band is contributing close to $980,000 toward its costs, with the final $900,000 coming from the provincial and federal government.
Despite the commitment, the department will be operated solely by Mohawk people, Maracle said.
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